超精細(xì)多功能無液氦低溫光學(xué)系統(tǒng)

應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域

金剛石色心、NV色心、量子計算、量子光學(xué)、腔量子電動力學(xué)、自旋電子學(xué)、磁光克爾效應(yīng)、單光子發(fā)射......

基本特點

★  低溫度波動和納米級的震動可為各種測量提供穩(wěn)定的實驗環(huán)境。

★  超大溫區(qū)（3.2K - 350K）與超快的變溫速度可提高實驗效率。

★  全干式系統(tǒng)，無需消耗氦氣或液氦，可極大降低實驗成本。

實用性優(yōu)勢

★  直觀的用戶界面和全自動控制系統(tǒng)提高了實驗效率。

★  電學(xué)和光學(xué)通道以及樣品安裝都極大地提高了實驗靈活性。

★  完全集成、交鑰匙設(shè)計方案，讓您快速啟動和實現(xiàn)研究計劃。

★  桌面式設(shè)計方案，方便移動，無縫銜接現(xiàn)有的室溫實驗方案。

設(shè)備介紹

制冷系統(tǒng)

系統(tǒng)采用制冷機(jī)閉循環(huán)制冷方式，只有少量氦氣密封在系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部，日常運(yùn)行無需消耗液氦或氦氣①

★  降低成本：日常運(yùn)行不消耗氦氣可在很大程度上降低試驗成本。

★  操作簡單：省去了更換氦氣瓶和監(jiān)測氦氣量等繁瑣的實驗工作。

系統(tǒng)采用變頻制冷技術(shù)，極大地改善了實驗的能耗和性能^②

★  低能耗需求：只需單項50Hz 208-240V電力需求，無需水冷機(jī)，功率3.6KW。

★  低噪音：壓縮機(jī)采用的變頻技術(shù)在降低能耗的同時較大程度上降低了冷頭的工作噪音和震動。

系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)

系統(tǒng)采用優(yōu)化的設(shè)計方案，樣品腔可直接固定在任何的光學(xué)桌面上^③

★  便捷性：樣品腔周圍可搭建各種光路，方便實現(xiàn)各種光路實驗方案。

★  靈活性：系統(tǒng)可安裝在英制或公制光學(xué)桌面，可與螺孔陣列平行或成45°角。

★  模塊化：無需任何額外的輔助設(shè)施，可以方便的移動設(shè)備。

系統(tǒng)控制

嵌入式程序的觸摸屏控制^④

★  全自動、優(yōu)化的溫度控制：簡單設(shè)定目標(biāo)溫度，一鍵Cooldown。

★  其他參數(shù)控制：可實現(xiàn)定制化參數(shù)控制，例如樣品腔除氣或干燥氮氣沖洗。

★  監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)：用戶界面實時顯示系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)，包括溫度、溫度穩(wěn)定性、系統(tǒng)真空度等。

★  軟件記錄系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)：方便數(shù)據(jù)的導(dǎo)出。

遠(yuǎn)程控制與其他語言

★  遠(yuǎn)程控制：利用虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)計算(VNC)技術(shù)，可通過電腦方便地對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程控制。

★  外部腳本：支持多種現(xiàn)代語言通過RESTful API腳本控件進(jìn)行編程控制（Python, MATLAB, LabVIEW, C# 等）。

★  遠(yuǎn)程診斷：工程師可以方便的通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)對設(shè)備的故障進(jìn)行診斷和排除。

系統(tǒng)與真空控制單元的完全自動化流程^⑤

★  完全自動化控制：系統(tǒng)在抽真空、降溫、恒溫、升溫、充氣等全過程可以自動設(shè)定ZY化的參數(shù)。

★  完善的系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控：系統(tǒng)通過自動的過程監(jiān)控與錯誤處理保護(hù)系統(tǒng)和樣品，避免誤操作。

★  干燥氮氣清洗選件：抽真KQ或充氣時可以減少外界大氣環(huán)境的影響有助于快速降溫。

樣品環(huán)境

樣品的安裝和更換可直接通過取下外層（真空層）和屏蔽層的蓋子即可。

★  可選擇的實驗配置：有各種樣品安裝方案和位置控制選件可供選擇，包括光纖和RF探針組件以及用于光子探測的配置。

★  預(yù)置電學(xué)接口：系統(tǒng)為用戶提供了預(yù)置低頻電測量和額外溫度計安裝的直流電學(xué)通道。

★  擴(kuò)展接口選件：通過側(cè)面板可將RF、光纖、氣體和額外的直流通道引入樣品腔。

四周和頂部的窗口方便將各方向的光路引入樣品腔。

★  靈活的光路方案：適應(yīng)各種測量光路，如透射、側(cè)反射和頂部顯微鏡。

★  超高的收集效率：提供高NA與近工作距離選件。

★  光學(xué)材質(zhì)：可以輕松更換各種波長和實驗需求的窗口。

性能表現(xiàn)

多個ZG和獨特技術(shù)相結(jié)合，在不犧牲ZD溫度和制冷功率的基礎(chǔ)上優(yōu)化了熱穩(wěn)定性和震動穩(wěn)定性。

★  實現(xiàn)ZD溫度：采用特有的材料和熱阻尼技術(shù)，使系統(tǒng)在給定的配置下達(dá)到盡可能低的溫度。

★  滿足震動敏感測量：采用ZG的減震技術(shù)，隔絕冷頭震動的同時對樣品采用剛性支撐結(jié)構(gòu)，實現(xiàn)納米級的超低震動。

★  全溫區(qū)保持樣品的光路準(zhǔn)確性：采用膨脹系數(shù)抵消式結(jié)構(gòu)，保證全溫區(qū)范圍內(nèi)樣品的超低位置漂移。

★  保證每一個溫度點的穩(wěn)定性：采用主動與被動參數(shù)控制技術(shù)，使每一個溫度點的溫度波動減小到傳統(tǒng)制冷機(jī)波動的二十分之一。

CE認(rèn)證

系統(tǒng)是非常成熟的定型化產(chǎn)品，已取得CE認(rèn)證。

設(shè)備型號

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)恒溫器系列

■  Cryostation? S50低溫系統(tǒng)

       S50是新型超精細(xì)多功能無液氦低溫光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的基本型號。該恒溫器具有傳統(tǒng)恒溫器不可比擬的優(yōu)勢。S50樣品腔具有5個光學(xué)窗口，可配置近工作距離選件。該型號是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)恒溫器系列中選件兼容性廣泛的型號，可與多種選件或定制零件進(jìn)行搭配以滿足各種實驗需求。

Cryostation? S50

超級震動穩(wěn)定性：樣品臺震動的峰-峰值<5nm，有效值（均方根RMS）~0.25nm。 

優(yōu)異的溫度性能：大的控溫范圍，3.2K-350K ；溫度穩(wěn)定性JJ，在極限低溫時溫度波動始終小于10mK（峰-峰值）；超快變溫速度，Cool down ~2 小時（如果配置復(fù)雜，可能長于2小時）。

■  Cryostation? S100低溫系統(tǒng)

       S100是Cryostation?系列產(chǎn)品中為滿足較為復(fù)雜的實驗方案而推出的中型樣品腔型號。S100具有較大的樣品空間，可滿足更多的線路或高頻線路接入，可集成橫向的鏡頭，滿足橫向共聚焦光路的搭建，可集成多組位移器。該型號是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)低溫產(chǎn)品中定制化方案更靈活的型號，可以滿足配置較為復(fù)雜的低溫實驗。

Cryostation? S100 

模塊化的接線面板：在樣品腔中提供模塊化的低溫接線面板，接線模塊可滿足多種接線類型（交、直流、射頻、光纖），大大提升了實驗的靈活性。

樣品空間：S100的樣品腔尺寸介于S50和S200之間，兼顧降溫時間和樣品腔空間，在盡量小的影響降溫速率前提下盡可能的增加了樣品空間，使用戶可以設(shè)計較為復(fù)雜的光學(xué)實驗。

光學(xué)靈活性：更大的空間意味著可以容納更多的光學(xué)元件，樣品位置也可以有更多的選擇。

■  Cryostation? S200低溫平臺

       為了使用戶有更大的空間進(jìn)行復(fù)雜低溫試驗的設(shè)計，Montana Instruments研發(fā)了大型系統(tǒng)Cryostation? S200。該型號是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)低溫系列中的大型號。直徑196mm的樣品腔使用戶可以在低溫區(qū)域搭建復(fù)雜的光路。

Cryostation?S200

樣品臺：低溫樣品臺為帶螺孔的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)光學(xué)面包板，可以任意設(shè)計光路。

光學(xué)靈活性：9個光學(xué)窗口，支持多根光纖接入。

樣品空間：Ф196 mm樣品腔可滿足各種光學(xué)實驗需求。

集成式系統(tǒng)

■  CRYO-OPTIC?物鏡集成系統(tǒng)

       CRYO-OPTIC?系統(tǒng)將光學(xué)物鏡集成到低溫系統(tǒng)的樣品腔中，在低溫下實現(xiàn)超穩(wěn)定、高質(zhì)量的大數(shù)值孔徑成像。CRYO-OPTIC?系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計消除了在低溫設(shè)備中使用高倍物鏡時所面臨的對準(zhǔn)和漂移問題。

       系統(tǒng)對配件和選件具有良好兼容性，允許用戶自定義設(shè)備的具體配置以滿足獨特的實驗需求。可選內(nèi)置的XYZ納米位移器用于樣品定位和聚焦，可選快速變溫樣品臺，用于樣品的快速變溫控制。

性能優(yōu)勢

★  ZG技術(shù)允許集成物鏡保持在室溫，確保超穩(wěn)定的位置和焦點控制。

★  對高倍物鏡和樣品的溫度進(jìn)行主動控制，使其溫度穩(wěn)定性在10 mK 以內(nèi)，超高的穩(wěn)定性使其在較小的溫度變化后無需重新聚焦。

★  通過將物鏡從低溫系統(tǒng)和實驗室環(huán)境中分離出來，獨立控制，系統(tǒng)達(dá)到穩(wěn)定測量條件所需的時間大大減少。

Cryostation S50 - CO（豎直物鏡集成系統(tǒng)）

       該方案是為豎直共焦顯微鏡設(shè)計的，同時系統(tǒng)具有側(cè)面光學(xué)窗口，允許用戶看到樣品和焦距的大致調(diào)節(jié)。

■  Cryostation S100 – CO（水平物鏡集成系統(tǒng)）

       S100 - CO的水平安裝方案可與其他光學(xué)測量系統(tǒng)無縫銜接，允許快速、方便的更換樣品。獨特的輻射屏蔽層設(shè)計保證更換樣品的同時不改變物鏡的位置，確保物鏡始終處于光路的ZJ位置。

■  Cryostation S200 – CO（定制物鏡集成系統(tǒng)）

       Cryostation S200可以實現(xiàn)定制化的物鏡集成。物鏡水平安裝，與低溫面包板組成自由光路，可通過壓電位移器實現(xiàn)光路的JZ調(diào)節(jié)。

■  MAGNETO-OPTIC（MO）磁體集成系統(tǒng)

       MAGNETO-OPTIC直接將磁體集成到低溫樣品腔中。這一附加模塊不影響系統(tǒng)本身的穩(wěn)定性，磁體系統(tǒng)具有完全自動化的控制系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)可兼容多種選件和配件，包括內(nèi)置壓電位移器等。用戶可選擇不同配置以滿足獨特的實驗需求。

性能優(yōu)勢

★  設(shè)備安裝簡單，具有獨特的設(shè)計，保證便捷的樣品更換和光路便捷性。

★  自動退磁，采用震蕩歸零的方式減小電流，以消除磁場設(shè)置為零時的剩余磁場。

★  完備系統(tǒng)，系統(tǒng)包括校準(zhǔn)霍爾探頭、電源和循環(huán)冷卻系統(tǒng)，用戶無需額外輔助設(shè)備。

■  CryoMOKE低溫磁光克爾集成系統(tǒng)

       為了滿足用戶變溫MOKE的測量需求，該系統(tǒng)結(jié)合了英國Durham 公司的NanoMOKE3系統(tǒng)。該集成系統(tǒng)利用MAGNETO-OPTIC的靈活性與NanoMOKE3的強(qiáng)大功能為用戶打造了高性能的低溫磁光克爾測量平臺。

■  CryoFMR低溫鐵磁共振集成系統(tǒng)

       Montana Instruments 為用戶提供高精度的低溫鐵磁共振集成系統(tǒng)。使得樣品可以在不同溫度、光照情況下進(jìn)行鐵磁共振實驗，方便研究樣品在光激發(fā)狀態(tài)下的磁學(xué)特性。該系統(tǒng)配備NanOsc Instruments AB公司的高精度鐵磁共振測試儀，并且操作簡單。

■  Cryo Mossbauer低溫穆斯堡爾集成系統(tǒng)

       Cryo Mossbauer系統(tǒng)提供完整的集成式變溫透射穆斯堡爾測量方案。Montana Instruments 采用了MS96光譜儀與Montana恒溫器的用戶友好型集成方案，設(shè)備簡單易用。兩個領(lǐng)域的世界DJ廠商確保了設(shè)備的可靠性。

應(yīng)用案例

■  無褶皺超平石墨烯的變溫拉曼測量

       南京大學(xué)高力波教授、奚嘯翔教授等多個課題組合作，采用質(zhì)子輔助的CVD方法生長制備出了無褶皺的超平石墨烯。該方法成功解決了傳統(tǒng)CVD制備石墨烯過程中由于石墨烯與基質(zhì)材料強(qiáng)耦合作用而形成的褶皺，這為石墨烯在二維電子器件等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用掃除了一大障礙。文章表明，在質(zhì)子輔助的CVD制備方法中，質(zhì)子能夠滲透石墨烯，對石墨烯和襯底之間的范德瓦爾斯相互作用進(jìn)行去耦合，使褶皺完全消失。該方法還可以對傳統(tǒng)CVD制備過程中產(chǎn)生的褶皺進(jìn)行很大程度的去除。此外，通過新方法制備的超平石墨烯材料，不僅具有優(yōu)異的清潔能力，還在測量中展示了室溫量子霍爾效應(yīng)。研究認(rèn)為，質(zhì)子輔助的CVD方法不僅能制備出高質(zhì)量的石墨烯，并且對制備其他種類的納米材料具有普適性，為制備高質(zhì)量的二維材料提供了一種新途徑。相關(guān)成果發(fā)表在Nature。

       值得一提的是，文章中對樣品進(jìn)行了高質(zhì)量的變溫Raman測量（南京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院奚嘯翔教授通過Montana Instruments公司生產(chǎn)的Cryostation?系列高性能恒溫器與普林斯頓光譜儀聯(lián)合測量完成。高質(zhì)量的數(shù)據(jù)表明了基于Cryostation系列恒溫器的變溫拉曼具有非常優(yōu)異且穩(wěn)定的性能。），清晰的展示了不同制備與處理條件的石墨烯G峰和2D峰隨溫度變化的峰位移動。揭示了石墨烯與襯底之間相互作用的強(qiáng)弱以及石墨烯受到的應(yīng)力大小。

       目前由Montana Instruments公司與Princeton Instruments聯(lián)合開發(fā)的超精細(xì)變溫顯微拉曼系統(tǒng)——microReveal RAMAN已經(jīng)正式向世界銷售。該集成式系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)了變溫拉曼的優(yōu)化測量，省去了自己搭建變溫拉曼的繁瑣過程。該系統(tǒng)根據(jù)不同的應(yīng)用可以實現(xiàn)4K-350K（500K可選）大溫區(qū)范圍內(nèi)的拉曼光譜與成像、熒光光譜與成像、吸收光譜、電學(xué)測量和光電輸運(yùn)測量等多種功能。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1] Yuan, G., Lin, D., Wang, Y. et al. Proton-assisted growth of ultra-flat graphene films. Nature 577, 204–208 (2020)

■  金剛石NV色心研究

       金剛石NV色心（Nitrogen-vacancy defect centers） 近年來在科研界被高度關(guān)注。NV色心獨特且穩(wěn)定的光學(xué)特性使其擁有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。在量子信息領(lǐng)域，NV色心可以作為單光子源用于量子計算。NV色心作為具有量子敏感度的傳感設(shè)備，還可應(yīng)用于納米尺度磁場、電場、溫度、壓力的探測。在生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域，NV色心是WM的生物標(biāo)識物，具有光學(xué)性能穩(wěn)定，細(xì)胞毒性低的特點。

       Montana Instruments開發(fā)的低溫恒溫器專門針對NV色心領(lǐng)域研究需要而進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，掃除了科研人員進(jìn)入NV色心研究領(lǐng)域的障礙。以下是低溫(4K)NV色心研究的實驗方案舉例。

1. 總體NV色心信號收集實驗

       將磁性樣品覆蓋在表面具有較多的NV色心的塊體金剛石襯底上。這個NV色心表面層通常由離子注入或在金剛石表面合成富氮表面層來實現(xiàn)。通常采用532nm的激光激發(fā)NV色心到激發(fā)態(tài)，并在630-800nm波長范圍收集熒光信號。同時利用微波信號激發(fā)和探測NV色心的自旋態(tài)（ESR）。熒光信號由二維的CCD探測陣列收集成像并與樣品相對應(yīng)。與單個NV色心的研究不同，該實驗方案采用大工作距離獲得大視野范圍的成像，從而實現(xiàn)大面積信號的采集。

CCD與顯微鏡成像

2. 單個NV色心研究：樣品表面的納米金剛石

       納米金剛石的單個NV色心探測可以通過共聚焦顯微技術(shù)來實現(xiàn)。實驗裝置包括三維低溫納米位移臺，Z方向可以JZ調(diào)整樣品到焦平面，XY可以對樣品表面進(jìn)行掃描。Montana InstrumentsZG設(shè)計方案可以采用高數(shù)值孔徑物鏡對4K的樣品中的單個NV色心進(jìn)行測量。系統(tǒng)的收集效率高、光斑直徑小，輕松聚焦單個NV色心。采用532nm激光激發(fā)，對630nm-800nm范圍的熒光信號進(jìn)行采集。采用可調(diào)的微波信號對NV色心的自旋態(tài)進(jìn)行激發(fā)，通過熒光信號的峰值位移來確定其自旋態(tài)。為了研究感興趣的區(qū)域，通常將金剛石粉末（20-30nm）均勻的撒在樣品表面，然后使用三維納米位移臺來掃描樣品并且對特定NV色心進(jìn)行測量。并且可以通過單個NV色心實現(xiàn)在較大溫度范圍內(nèi)對樣品的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行觀測。

                                                                               掃描共聚焦顯微鏡

Tokura課題組成功的運(yùn)用此技術(shù)研究了FeGe樣品中的磁渦旋結(jié)構(gòu)。實驗細(xì)節(jié)請參考：

Using NV-Center Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR) as a Probe for Local Magnetic Dynamics in Transition Metals

3. 掃描探針量子探測器(例如，掃描磁力顯微鏡)

       我們將一個NV色心固定在掃描探針顯微鏡的探針末端。可以通過在針尖上“粘貼”納米金剛石，或采用納米壓印與O2刻蝕技術(shù)將塊體金剛石加工成JD再用N-14注入來實現(xiàn)NV色心，現(xiàn)在甚至已經(jīng)有商業(yè)化的針尖。采用共聚焦顯微鏡將激發(fā)光聚焦在掃描探針的NV色心上。樣品可以通過低溫納米位移臺進(jìn)行精確掃描。這樣便實現(xiàn)了對樣品表面的納米級精度大范圍成像測量。該技術(shù)理論上可以對多種與NV色心熒光相關(guān)的特性進(jìn)行高精度顯微學(xué)測量。

                                                                      掃描探針顯微鏡

       Jayich課題組 (UCSB)運(yùn)用這一技術(shù)在BaFe2(As0.7P0.3)2 超導(dǎo)材料的轉(zhuǎn)變溫度附近（30K）成功觀測到了vortices。這一技術(shù)在研究材料低溫下的新奇性質(zhì)方面前景廣闊。更多細(xì)節(jié)請參考：

Scanned probe imaging of nanoscale magnetism at cryogenic temperatures with a single-spin quantum sensor.

■  高性能低溫恒溫器在量子計算中的應(yīng)用

       Cryostation?低溫恒溫器系統(tǒng)可為量子計算相關(guān)研究提供多種解決方案，豐富的可選配置與配件可以滿足各種實驗的需求，諸如離子阱、超導(dǎo)環(huán)、NV色心的高數(shù)值孔徑熒光觀測等。根據(jù)具體實驗需求Montana Instruments可以提供適合的配置方案。

量子計算實驗案例：RF離子阱

       配置方案：高數(shù)值孔徑熒光讀出、多光學(xué)通道用于激光制冷、RF+DC電學(xué)通道用于制造囚禁勢阱。

       作為該實驗方案的核心，離子阱量子計算包括N個囚禁離子。離子可以被囚禁在泡利（RF）阱或彭寧（磁場）阱中，每個囚禁離子具有兩個態(tài)或亞穩(wěn)態(tài)。這里我們簡單討論泡利阱的情況，實驗上泡利阱是通過在樣品上印制一組具有特殊幾何形狀的RF電極產(chǎn)生限制電勢實現(xiàn)的。在設(shè)計好勢阱后我們通過激光燒蝕襯底產(chǎn)生一個待囚禁的離子（常用137Yb+），采用多普勒或Sisyphus冷卻方案用激光將高度激發(fā)狀態(tài)的離子冷卻至量子態(tài)。ZH再將離子導(dǎo)入精心設(shè)計的勢阱中。

       待離子進(jìn)入勢阱中，將他們在空間上隔開幾微米的距離，每個離子代表一個量子比特。量子比特通過庫倫相互作用影響量子比特的集體震蕩來實現(xiàn)耦合。每一個量子比特都通過與庫倫勢的“平行”或“反平行”將自己的局部態(tài)編碼進(jìn)集體震動。這樣每一個在一維鏈上的量子比特都實現(xiàn)了與其他每個量子比特的耦合。

       量子計算的通用“門”操作（CROT, SWAP以及內(nèi)部量子比特態(tài)的任意翻轉(zhuǎn)）可以通過對量子比特光激發(fā)來實現(xiàn)。對于137YB+離子鏈，ZJ波長為355nm。激光源的穩(wěn)定性尤為重要，激發(fā)頻率與電子的共振頻率要精確匹配（10KHz或更好），以防止其他臨近態(tài)的激發(fā)。紫外激光由于具有合適的波長與JJ的頻率穩(wěn)定性常被用于半導(dǎo)體材料的維納加工，現(xiàn)在也成為量子計算的上佳選擇。

       量子比特在經(jīng)過一系列量子算法的門操作后的量子態(tài)可以被讀出。囚禁離子的量子態(tài)讀出是通過測量與量子態(tài)相關(guān)的熒光實現(xiàn)的。目前的研究通常利用高數(shù)值孔徑的顯微鏡可以實現(xiàn)10%左右的收集效率。未來的量子計算可能會通過集成光學(xué)微腔的方案來提高熒光光子的收集效率，預(yù)計可以大于50%。該集成技術(shù)也可以推動可拓展與重構(gòu)的量子計算電路發(fā)展。

       總的來說，設(shè)計和操縱一個可靠的離子阱量子計算機(jī)需要1、穩(wěn)定的激光源與JZ的頻率控制。2、有效且控制良好的RF電勢來定位與控制囚禁離子。3、數(shù)字控制的空間分辨率很高的脈沖激光來制備、測量、操縱量子比特。4、量子態(tài)的可靠探測與讀出。

Montana Instruments與科研人員共同設(shè)計的離子阱量子計算機(jī)

MI恒溫器與集成式單光子探測器有望提高離子阱的量子態(tài)讀出

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1] ohnson, K. G. et al. Active Stabilization of Ion Trap Radiofrequency Potentials. Review of Scientific Instruments 87, 53110 (2016).

[2] Brown, K. R., Kim, J. & Monroe, C. Co-Designing a Scalable Quantum Computer with Trapped Atomic Ions. npj Quantum Information 16034 (2016).

[3] Debnath, S. et al. Demonstration of a small programmable quantum computer with atomic qubits. Nature 536, 63–66 (2016).

[4] Steane, A. M. The Ion Trap Quantum Information Processor. Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics 64, 623–643 (1997).

[5] Faraz Najafi et al. On-chip detection of non-classical light by scalable integration of single-photon detectors. Nat. commun,6:5873, 2015

■  高性能低溫恒溫器在自旋電子學(xué)中的應(yīng)用

       科研中MOKE常用來表征材料的電子和磁學(xué)特征，例如磁疇結(jié)構(gòu)、自旋態(tài)密度、磁相變動力學(xué)。在高質(zhì)量納米結(jié)構(gòu)和2D材料中ZX的實驗進(jìn)展表明，有望在集成的光子或自旋電子器件中利用磁光效應(yīng)在納米尺度上加強(qiáng)對光的控制。

       MOKE實驗需要靈活的光路與電學(xué)通道以及磁場環(huán)境。樣品需要一個超穩(wěn)定的低溫環(huán)境并且能夠調(diào)整配置以適應(yīng)實驗需求的多種幾何光路。Cryostation基礎(chǔ)系統(tǒng)與成熟的選件庫可為MOKE提供多種解決方案。通過不同的搭配組合我們可以輕松實現(xiàn)磁光克爾效應(yīng)、光磁測量、光致發(fā)光、偏振分辨測量、自旋輸運(yùn)與動力學(xué)、磁疇壁移動、磁阻研究、電學(xué)和高頻測量、輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)等方面的研究。以下是部分低溫磁光克爾效應(yīng)實驗舉例：

1. 縱向磁光克爾效應(yīng)

       在縱向MOKE的幾何光路中，磁場與樣品表面平行，樣品中的磁疇平行于磁場方向。激光光源通過偏振器實現(xiàn)設(shè)定的偏振。光線通過物鏡聚焦在樣品感興趣的區(qū)域上。入射光線與樣品的磁疇發(fā)生相互作用使得反射光線偏振方向改變。偏振方向改變的幅度與局部磁化的強(qiáng)度成比例。通過儀器接收并分析反射光線的克爾轉(zhuǎn)角就可以得到局部磁矩的方向和強(qiáng)度信息。這種測量方案所需的樣品環(huán)境可以在集成了雙極性電磁鐵的低溫恒溫器中來實現(xiàn)，例如Cryostation與Magneto-Optic。

        利用縱向克爾效應(yīng)的宏觀磁疇圖像測量方案

2. 極向磁光克爾效應(yīng)

       在極向克爾幾何光路中，磁場沿樣品表面的發(fā)現(xiàn)方向（適用于面外易磁化軸樣品）。此時磁化方向垂直于樣品表面，為了大化的收集信號，入射激光需要垂直照射在樣品表面。與縱向克爾類似，入射激光的偏振方向在被磁性樣品表面反射時會發(fā)生輕微的偏轉(zhuǎn)。偏轉(zhuǎn)的程度與局部磁疇的強(qiáng)度和方向有關(guān)。在Cryostation與Magneto-Optic裝置中，與縱向克爾相比，樣品旋轉(zhuǎn)了90°，并且在磁極中間引入了一個小的反射鏡來實現(xiàn)入射光線與磁場的平行以及與樣品表面的垂直。

極向MOKE宏觀磁疇測量方案

3. 時間分辨MOKE

       可以用時間分辨（瞬態(tài)）的MOKE對脈沖磁場和脈沖電場驅(qū)動的磁疇壁移動進(jìn)行動力學(xué)研究。舉例來說，可以對用于磁帶存儲器研究的磁性納米線中的磁疇壁移動進(jìn)行測量。磁疇壁通常在預(yù)定的位置有電脈沖或磁脈沖注入納米線。利用MOKE信號對納米線的局部進(jìn)行探測，空間分辨率可優(yōu)于1um，時間分辨率可達(dá)到150fs。如果t=0時刻對應(yīng)于疇壁注入，對指定區(qū)域沿納米線進(jìn)行延時脈沖掃描觀察MOKE信號的變化。MOKE信號的變化對應(yīng)磁疇壁移動所引起的磁性翻轉(zhuǎn)。通過測量納米線不同位置MOKE信號的變化時間可以計算出疇壁的移動速度。

       時間分辨MOKE也可以用于研究自旋“群體”的壽命。利用極化的泵浦光對感興趣的材料進(jìn)行自旋激發(fā)。利用探測光進(jìn)行延時掃描，MOKE信號的強(qiáng)弱可以計算自旋“群體”密度。自旋的“壽命”可以通過觀測自旋“群體”的密度來計算。Kawakami課題組（Ohio State University）利用該方法對過渡族金屬二硫化物WS2在低溫（<6K）下進(jìn)行了時間分辨克爾轉(zhuǎn)角測量（TRKR）。對比TRKR信號與顯微熒光，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)激子發(fā)光與高自旋密度之間的一種意料之外的反相關(guān)關(guān)系。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為短時激子自旋角動量到長時導(dǎo)電電子自旋態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)化提供了新的見解。

時間分辨克爾效應(yīng)的原理與裝置圖

4. 強(qiáng)磁場（>1T）MOKE

       華盛頓大學(xué)的Xu和Cobden 利用7T的超導(dǎo)磁體與低溫設(shè)備，采用法拉第幾何光路測量磁場對光致發(fā)光極化的影響對單層WSe2進(jìn)行了研究。更多信息請閱讀：Magnetic Control of Valley Pseudospin: A Story of Symmetry.

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1] Durham Magneto Optics Ltd & Beguivin, A. Characterization of the Montana Instruments Cryostation C2 for low temperature Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect measurements using the NanoMOKE 3.

[2] Bushong, E. J. et al. Imaging Spin Dynamics in Monolayer WS2 by Time-Resolved Kerr Rotation Microscopy. arXiv:1602.03568 [cond-mat] (2016).

[3] Aivazian, G. et al. Magnetic Control of Valley Pseudospin in Monolayer WSe2. Nature Physics 11, 148–152 (2015).

[4] Henn, T. et al. Ultrafast supercontinuum fiber-laser based pump-probe scanning MOKE microscope for the investigation of electron spin dynamics in semiconductors at cryogenic temperatures with picosecond time and micrometer spatial resolution. Review of Scientific Instruments 84, 123903 (2013).

發(fā)表文章

Montana Cryostation 用戶發(fā)表文章選集（2012-2020）。分類僅供參考，可能存在偏差，文章學(xué)術(shù)價值與排序無關(guān)。

■  二維材料、激子

1. Nature Physics; Excitonic Luminescent Up-Conversion in a 2D Semiconductor

2. Nature Physics; Spin–phonon interactions in silicon carbide addressed by Gaussian acoustics

3. Nature Nanotechnology; Probing dark excitons in atomically thin semiconductors via near-field coupling to surface plasmon polaritons

4. Nature Nanotechnology; Electrical control of charged carriers and excitons in atomically thin materials

5. Nature Communications; Cascaded emission of single photons from the biexciton in monolayered WSe2

6. Nano Letters; Quantifying remote heating from propagating surface plasmon polaritons

7. Nano Letters; Giant Enhancement of Defect-Bound Exciton Luminescence and Suppression of Band-Edge Luminescence in Monolayer WSe2–Ag Plasmonic Hybrid Structures

8. Physical Review Letters; Large Excitonic Reflectivity of Monolayer MoSe2 Encapsulated in Hexagonal Boron Nitride.

9. ACS Nano; Photoluminescent Quantum Interference in a van der Waals Magnet Preserved by Symmetry Breaking

10. ACS Photonics; Strain-Correlated Localized Exciton Energy in Atomically Thin Semiconductors

11. Physical Review B; Role of strain on the coherent properties of GaAs excitons and biexcitons

12. Physical Review B; Signatures of four-particle correlations associated with exciton-carrier interactions in coherent spectroscopy on bulk GaAs

13. Physical Review Materials; Laser Annealing for Radiatively Broadened MoSe2 grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition

14. Science Advances; Persistent Optical Gating of a Topological Insulator

15. Science Advances; Optical generation of high carrier densities in 2D semiconductor heterobilayers

■  范德瓦耳斯異質(zhì)結(jié)

1.  Nature Communications; Observation of Long-Lived Interlayer Excitons in Monolayer MoSe2-WSe2 Heterostructures

2. Nano Letters; Single Defect Light-Emitting Diode in a van der Waals Heterostructure

3. Nano Letters; Interlayer Exciton Optoelectronics in a 2D Heterostructure p-n junction

4. Nano Letters; Nanocavity Integrated van der Waals Heterostructure Light-Emitting Tunneling Diode

5. Nano Letters; Unusual Exciton-Phonon Interactions at van der Waals Engineered Interfaces

6. Physical Review Letters; Controlling excitons in an atomically thin membrane with a mirror

■  自旋谷

1. Science; Valley-Polarized Exciton Dynamics in a 2D Semiconductor Heterostructure

2. Nature Physics; Magnetic Control of Valley Pseudospin in Monolayer WSe2

3. Nature Communications; Directional Interlayer Spin-Valley Transfer in 2D Heterostructures

4. Nature Communications; Coulomb-bound four- and five-particle valleytronic states in an atomically-thin semiconductor.

5. Science Advances; Observation of ultralong valley lifetime in WSe2/MoS2heterostructures

■  石墨烯

1. Nature; Proton-assisted growth of ultra-flat graphene films

2. Nature Physics; Photo-Nernst Current in Graphene

3. ACS Nano; Lithographically Patterned Functional Polymer–Graphene Hybrids for Nanoscale Electronics

4. Applied Physics Letters; Direct and parametric synchronization of a graphene self-oscillator

■  光力研究

1.  Nature Communications; Nonlinear cavity optomechanics with nanomechanical thermal fluctuations

2. Science; Quantum correlations from a room-temperature optomechanical cavity

3. Physical Review X; Single-Crystal Diamond Nanobeam Waveguide Optomechanics

4. Physical Review Letters; Optomechanical Quantum Control of a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond

■  超導(dǎo)材料相關(guān)測量

1. Scientific Reports; Imprinting superconducting vortex footsteps in a magnetic layer

2. Scientific Reports; Triode for Magnetic Flux Quanta

3. Physical Review B; Magnetic flux penetration in Nb superconducting films with lithographically defined micro-indentations

4. Physical Review B; Impurity scattering effects on the superconducting properties and the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic phase transition in FeSe

5. Physical Review B; Crossing fields in thin films of isotropic superconductors

6. Physical Review B; Flux penetration in a superconducting film partially capped with a conducting layer

■  電荷密度波

1. Nature Nanotechnology; Strongly enhanced charge-density-wave order in monolayer NbSe2

2. Nature Communications; Patterns and driving forces of dimensionality-dependent chargedensity waves in 2H-type transition metal dichalcogenides

3. Arxiv; Two Phonon Interactions and Charge Density Wavein Single Crystalline VSe2 Probed by Raman Spectroscopy

■  磁學(xué)測量相關(guān)

1. Nature; Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit

2. Nature; Three-state nematicity in the triangular lattice antiferromagnet Fe1/3NbS2

3. Science；Measuring magnetic field texture in correlated electron systems under extreme conditions

4. Nature Physics; Ligand-field helical luminescence in a 2D ferromagnetic insulator

5. Nature Nanotechnology; Scanned probe imaging of nanoscale magnetism at cryogenic temperatures with a single-spin quantum sensor

6. Nature Nanotechnology; Electrical control of 2D magnetism in bilayer CrI3

7. Nature Communications; Local dynamics of topological magnetic defects in the itinerant helimagnet FeGe

8. Nature Communications; Spin transfer torque driven higher-order propagating spin waves in nano-contact magnetic tunnel junctions

9. PNAS; Local optical control of ferromagnetism and chemical potential in a topological insulator

10. Scientific Reports; Spin noise explores local magnetic fields in a semiconductor

11. 2D Materials; Imaging Spin Dynamics in Monolayer WS2 by Time-Resolved Kerr Rotation Microscopy

12. Physical Review B; Upper critical fields in Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O single crystals: Evidence for dominant Pauli paramagnetic effect

13. Journal of Applied Physics; Thickness- and temperature-dependent magnetodynamic properties of yttrium iron garnet thin films

14. IOP Superconductor Science and Technology; Transport characterization and pinning analysis of BaFe1.9Ni0.1As2.05 thin films

15. Review of Scientific Instruments; Scanning SQUID microscopy in a cryogen-free cooler

■  量子存儲

1. Nature Communications; Storage of multiple single-photon pulses emitted from a quantum dot in a solid-state quantum memory

2. Physical Review X; A 10-qubit solid-state spin register with quantum memory up to one minute

3. Physical Review Letters; Coherent spin control at the quantum level in an ensemble-based optical memory

4. Physical Review Letters: Solid state source of non-classical photon pairs with embedded multimode quantum memory

5. Physical Review A; A spectral hole memory for light at the single photon level

6. Physical Review A; Towards highly multimode optical quantum memory for quantum repeaters

7. New Journal of Physics; Storage of up-converted telecom photons in a doped crystal

8. New Journal of Physics; Cavity-enhanced storage in an optical spin-wave memory

9. New Journal of Physics; Multiplexed on-demand storage of polarization qubits in a crystal

10. AIP Conference Proceedings; Realization of the revival of silenced echo (ROSE) quantum memory scheme in orthogonal geometry

■  量子點散射

1. Nature Photonics; All-optical coherent control of vacuum Rabi oscillations

2. Nature Communications; Nanoscale optical positioning of single quantum dots for bright and pure single-photon emission

3. Physical Review Letters; Field-Field and Photon-Photon Correlations of Light Scattered by Two Remote Two-Level InAs Quantum Dots on the Same Substrate

4. Physical Review B; Coherent versus Incoherent Light Scattering from a Quantum Dot

5. Physical Review B; Bichromatic Resonant Light Scattering from a Quantum Dot

6. Physical Review B; Two-Color Photon Correlations of the Light Scattered by a Quantum Dot

7. Physical Review A; Resonant light scattering of a laser frequency comb by a quantum dot

8. Advanced Optical Materials; Localized all-optical control of single semiconductor quantum dots through plasmon-polariton-induced screening

■  量子阱

1. Applied Physics Letters; Highly polarized photoluminescence and its dynamics in semipolar (2021) InGaN/GaN quantum well

2. Applied Physics Letters; Impact of carrier localization on radiative recombination times in semipolar plane (2021)InGaN/GaN quantum wells

3. Physica Status Solidi C; Optical properties and carrier dynamics in m-plane InGaN quantum wells

4. Optical Materials Express; Influence of well width fluctuations on recombination properties in semipolar InGaN quantum wells studied by time- and spatially-resolved near-field photoluminescence

■  量子信息、量子計算等

1. Nature; Photonic quantum state transfer between a cold atomic gas and a crystal

2. Nature; Deterministic delivery of remote entanglement on a quantum network

3. Science; Probing Johnson noise and ballistic transport in normal metals with a single-spin qubit

4. Science; Entanglement Distillation between Solid-State Quantum Network Nodes

5. Nature Physics; Accelerated quantum control using superadiabatic dynamics in a solid-state lambda system

6. Nature Communications; Coherent Acoustic Control of a Single Silicon Vacancy Spin in Diamond

7. Physical Review Letters; Multimode and Long-Lived Quantum Correlations Between Photons and Spins in a Crystal

8. Optics Express; Two-pulse photon echo area theorem in an optically dense medium

9. AIP Conference Proceedings; Photon echo area theorem for Gaussian laser beams

10. IEEE Xplore; Towards Millimeter-Wave Based Quantum Networks

■  基礎(chǔ)量子力學(xué)研究

1. Nature; Loophole-free Bell inequality violation using electron spins separated by 1.3 kilometres

2. Scientific Reports; Loophole-free Bell test using electron spins in diamond: second experiment and additional analysis

■  金剛石

1. Nature Communications; Coherent control of a strongly driven silicon vacancy optical transition in diamond

2. Physical Review X; Coupling a Surface Acoustic Wave to an Electron Spin in Diamond via a Dark State

3. Physical Review Letters; Protecting a Solid-State Spin from Decoherence Using Dressed Spin States

4. Physical Review Letters; Opticallly-driven Rabi oscillations and adiabatic passage of single electron spins in diamond

5. Physical Review Letters; Holonomic quantum control by coherent optical excitation in diamond

6. Physical Review A; Strain coupling of a mechanical resonator to a single quantum emitter in diamond

7. CLEO; Lead-Related Quantum Emitters in Diamond

8. Journal of Carbon Research; Fluorescence and Physico-Chemical Properties of Hydrogenated Detonation Nanodiamonds

■  金剛石色心、量子點熒光、單光子發(fā)射等

1. Nature Photonics; 4H-silicon-carbide-on-insulator for integrated quantum and nonlinear photonics

2. Nature Communications; Optical charge state control of spin defects in 4H-SiC

3. Nature Communications; Extremely rapid isotropic irradiation of nanoparticles with ions generated in situ by a nuclear reaction

4. Nature Communications; Bright room temperature single photon source at telecom range in cubic silicon carbide

5. Nature Communications; Spin-controlled generation of indistinguishable and distinguishable photons from silicon vacancy centres in silicon carbide

6. Physical Review X; Quantum Interference of Electromechanically Stabilized Emitters in Nanophotonic Devices

7. Physical Review Letters; Polarization-Dependent Interference of Coherent Scattering from Orthogonal Dipole Moments of a Resonantly Excited Quantum Dot

8. Optics Express; Optical coherence of implanted silicon vacancy centers in thin diamond membranes

9. Scientific Reports; Single-photon property characterization of 1.3?μm emissions from InAs/GaAs quantum dots using silicon avalanche photodiodes

10. Scientific Reports; Combined atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence imaging to select single InAs/GaAs quantum dots for quantum photonic devices

11. Physical Review B; Characterization of 171Yb3+: YVO4 for photonic quantum technologies

12. Physical Review B; Characterization of optical and spin properties of single tin-vacancy centers in diamond nanopillars

13. Optica; Two-photon interference from a bright single-photon source at telecom wavelengths

14. Optica; Efficient fiber-coupled single-photon source based on quantum dots in a photonic-crystal waveguide

15. Photonics; Scalable fabrication of single silicon vacancy defect arrays in silicon carbide using focused ion beam

16. ACS Nano; Self-Assembled Nanocrystals of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Show Photostable Single-Photon Emission

17. ACS Photonics; Towards bright and pure single photon emitters at 300 K based on GaN quantumdots on silicon

18. CLEO; Characterization of the Local Charge Environment of a Single Quantum Dot via Resonance Fluorescence

19. Journal of Applied Physics; Photoexcited carrier trapping and recombination at Fe centers in GaN

20. Physical Review Applied; Single Self-Assembled InAs / GaAs Quantum Dots in Photonic Nanostructures: The Role of Nanofabrication

■  微腔相關(guān)研究

1. Nature Photonics; Quantum control of a spin qubit coupled to a photonic crystal cavity

2. Nature Communications; All-optical polariton transistor

3. Nature Communications; Spin–cavity interactions between a quantum dot molecule and a photonic crystal cavity

4. Nature Communications; Interaction-induced hopping phase in driven-dissipative coupled photonic microcavities

5. Nature Communications; Interfacing broadband photonic qubits to on-chip cavity-protected rare-earth ensembles

6. Nano Letters; Strongly Cavity-Enhanced Spontaneous Emission from Silicon-Vacancy Centers in Diamond

7. Physical Review Letters; Bosonic Condensation and Disorder-Induced Localization in a Flat Band

8. Physical Review Letters; Ultrastable Silicon Cavity in a Continuously Operating Closed-Cycle Cryostat at 4 K

9. Physical Review Letters; Probing a Dissipative Phase Transition via Dynamical Optical Hysteresis

10. Physical Review Letters; Cavity-enhanced Raman emission from a single color center in a solid

11. Optics Express; A High-Mechanical Bandwidth Fabry-Perot Fiber Cavity

12. Physical Review B; Multidimensional coherent spectroscopy of a semiconductor microcavity

13. Physical Review Applied; Engineering Phonon Leakage in Nanomechanical Resonators

14. Applied Physics Letters; Controlled coupling of photonic crystal cavities using photochromic tuning

15. Applied Physics Letters; Design and low-temperature characterization of a tunable microcavity for diamond-based quantum networks

■  納米結(jié)構(gòu)、光子晶體、異質(zhì)結(jié)

1. Physical Review Letters; Franson Interference Generated by a Two-Level System

2. Nano Letters; Electrically Driven Hot-Carrier Generation and Above-threshold Light Emission in Plasmonic Tunnel Junctions

3. ACS Photonics; Monolithic High-Contrast Grating Based Polariton Laser

4. ACS Photonics; Epitaxial Aluminum-on-Sapphire Films as a Plasmonic Material Platform for Ultraviolet and Full Visible Spectral Regions

5. CLEO; Diamond Optomechanical Crystals at Cryogenic Temperatures

6. Laser Physics Letters; Observation and investigation of narrow optical transitions of 167Er3+ ions in femtosecond laser printed waveguides in 7LiYF4 crystal

7. IOP Science Applied Physics Express; Single-step direct laser writing of halide perovskite microlasers

8. Rapid Research Letters; Radiative Efficiency and Charge-Carrier Lifetimes and Diffusion Length in Polycrystalline CdSeTe Heterostructures

■  發(fā)光材料

1. Nature Communications; Electronic Raman scattering as an ultra-sensitive probe of strain effects in semiconductors

2. Applied Physics Letters; High quality factor single-crystal diamond mechanical resonators

3. New Journal of Physics; Shifts of optical frequency references based on spectral-hole burning in Eu3+:Y2SiO5

4. Journal of Luminescence; Evaluation of defects in cuprous oxide through exciton luminescence imaging

5. SPIE; Tailoring of GaAs/GaAsSb core-shell structured nanowires for IR photodetector applications

6. 2D Materials; Magneto-Elastic Coupling in a potential ferromagnetic 2D Atomic Crystal

■  穆斯堡爾譜

1. Carbon Letters; One-step microwave synthesis of magnetic biochars with sorption properties

2. Inorganic Chemistry; Screw-Type Motion and Its Impact on Cooperativity in BaNa2Fe[VO4]2

■  光伏、熱電、儲能材料

1. Nano Letters; Photothermoelectric Detection of Gold Oxide Nonthermal Decomposition

2. Scientific Reports; Optically induced metastability in Cu(In,Ga)Se2

3. ACS Nano; Plasmonic heating in Au nanowires at low temperatures: The role of thermal boundary resistance

4. ACS Nano; Room-Temperature Electrocaloric Effect in Layered Ferroelectric CuInP2S6 for Solid-State Refrigeration

5. Physical Review B; Thermally Driven Long Range Magnon Spin Currents in Yttrium Iron Garnet due to Intrinsic Spin Seebeck Effect

6. Applied Physics Letters; The impact of Cu on recombination in high voltage CdTe solar cells

7. Applied Physics Letters; Local Phonon Mode in thermoelectric Bi2Te2Se from charge neutral antisites

8. Journal of Physical Chemisty Letters; Photothermoelectric effects and large photovoltages in plasmonic Au nanowires with nanogaps

9. Energy Procedia; Low-temperature FTIR investigation of aluminum doped solargrade silicon

10. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics; Minority-Carrier Lifetime and Surface Recombination Velocity in Single-Crystal CdTe

11. Nanoscale; Substantial local variation of Seebeck coefficient in gold nanowires

12. SPIE Digital Library; Photovoltages and hot electrons in plasmonic nanogaps

13. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer; Grain growth-induced thermal property enhancement of NiTi shape memory alloys for elastocaloric refrigeration and thermal energy storage systems

■  新型鈣鈦礦材料

1. Physical Review Materials; Stable biexcitons in two-dimensional metal-halide perovskites with strong dynamic lattice disorder

2. ACS Chemistry of Materials; Electron–Phonon Couplings Inherent in Polarons Drive Exciton Dynamics in Two-Dimensional Metal-Halide Perovskites

3. ACS Journal of Physical Chemistry C; Photoluminescence Manipulation by Ion Beam Irradiation in CsPbBr3 Halide Perovskite Single Crystals

4. Advanced Optical Materials; Amplified Spontaneous Emissionand Random Lasing in MAPbBr3 Halide Perovskite Single Crystals

5. Arxiv; Defect-related states in MAPbI3halide perovskite single crystals revealed by the photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy

■  納米線

1. Physical Review Letters; Widely Tunable Single-Photon Source from a Carbon Nanotube in the Purcell Regime

2. Semiconductor Science and Technology; Bandgap tuning of GaAs/GaAsSb core-shell nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy

3. IOP Nanotechnology; Space charge limited conduction mechanism in GaAsSb nanowires and the effect of in-situ annealing in ultra-high vacuum

■  生物、有機(jī)分子

1. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters; Increased Transfer Efficiency from Molecular Photonic Wires on Solid Substrates and Cryogenic Conditions

2. ACS Applied Nano Materials; DNA Origami Chromophore Scaffold Exploiting HomoFRET Energy Transport to Create Molecular Photonic Wires

3. Physical Review A；Quantum dynamics of a driven two-level molecule with variable dephasing

■  其他研究方向

1. AIP Conference Proceedings; The equipment control system of the extended x-ray absorption fine structure beamline at Taiwan Photon Source

2. ACS Applied Nano Materials.; Elimination of Extreme Boundary Scattering via Polymer Thermal Bridging in Silica Nanoparticle Packings: Implications for Thermal Management

3. Arxiv; Observation of three-state nematicity in the triangular lattice antiferromagnet Fe1/3 NbS2

4. Arxiv; Ferroelectric Polarization in Antiferroelectric Chalcogenide Perovskite BaZrS3 Thin Fil

   
   

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